Our Solar system
There are eight planets namely (arranged in the order of increasing distance from the Sun) −
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupitar
Saturn
Urenus
Naptune
The largest planet is Jupiter and Mercury is the smallest planet of the system.
Mercury
Mercury is the nearest to the Sun.
Mercury takes 58.65 Earth days to complete its rotation (on its axis) and takes 88 days to complete its one revolution (i.e. in its orbit around the Sun).
Mercury is the fastest planet and it has no moon (satellite).
Venus
Venus, which is also popular as an evening star and morning star, is the brightest celestial body in the universe after Sun and Moon.
Venus is the Hottest Planet of the solar system. It is closest to the Earth.
Venus takes 243 Earth days to complete its rotation (on its axis) and takes 224.7 days to complete its one revolution (i.e. in its orbit around the Sun).
Venus has no satellite and it spins in the opposite direction of the Earth’s spin.
Venus is named after the Roman goddess of Beauty.
Earth
Earth is the third planet from the Sun.
By the time, Earth is the only planet where life exists.
Earth takes 23 hours, 56 minutes, and 40 seconds to complete its rotation (on its axis) and takes 365.26 days to complete its one revolution (i.e. in its orbit around the Sun).
Mass of the Earth is 5.98 x 1024 kg and its diameter is 12,756 km.
Escape Velocity of the Earth is 11,200 m/s.
Obliquity (i.e. tilt of axis degrees) of the Earth is 23.40.
Mean density of the Earth is 5.514 g/cm3 and the surface is 510,072,000 km2.
Mean surface temperature of the Earth is 281 K; the mean maximum surface temperature is 310 K and the mean minimum surface temperature is 260 K.
The major atmospheric components of the Earth are Nitrogen (78%), Oxygen (20.95%), Argon (0.930%), and Carbon Dioxide (0.039%).
Moon
Moon is the only known satellite of the Earth.
Moons rotation time (on its axis) and revolution time (around the Earth) is same (i.e. 27 days, 7 hours, 43 minutes, and 11.47 seconds. This is the reason that we always see only one side of the Moon.
Moon revolves around the Earth once in every 27.3 days, which is known as ‘Sidereal Month;’ however, it takes 29.5 days to return to the same point on the celestial sphere in reference to the Sun (due to revolution motion of the Earth around the Sun) and it is known as ‘Synodic Month.’
When two full Moons occur in the same month, it is known as ‘Blue Moon.’
A Full Moon is basically the lunar phase that occurs when the Moon is completely illuminated as seen from the Earth.
As shown in the following image, the Lunar Phase or phase of the moon, is the shape of the illuminated portion of the Moon that is visible from the Earth. As Moon revolves, the lunar phases change cyclically and we can see from the full moon (full visible) to the new moon (not at all visible).
Mars
Mars is known as the ‘Red Planet’ of the solar system.
Mars takes 24 hours, 37 minutes, and 30 seconds to complete its rotation (on its axis) and takes 687 days to complete its one revolution (i.e. in its orbit around the Sun).
Mars has two satellites namely Phobos (means fear) and Deimos (means terror).
Jupiter
Jupiter takes 9 hours, 50 minutes, and 30 seconds to complete its rotation (on its axis) and takes 12 earth years to complete its one revolution (i.e. in its orbit around the Sun).
Jupiter has 63 natural satellites/moon, significant of them are Europa, Ganymede, Callisto, etc. Among all, Ganymede is the largest satellite in the whole solar system.
Saturn
Saturn is the largest planet after Jupiter in the solar system.
Saturn is popular for its spectacular rings system.
The rings system of Saturn is made up of a variety of separate particles that rotate in circular orbits independently.
Saturn takes 10 hours and 14 minutes to complete its rotation (on its axis) and takes 30 years to complete its one revolution (i.e. in its orbit around the Sun).
Saturn has total 47 satellites/moons; among them, Titan is the biggest satellite.
Uranus
Uranus is first identified as planet by William Herschel in 1781.
Like Saturn, Uranus also has a system of five faint rings.
Uranus takes 16 hours to complete its rotation (on its axis) and takes 84 years to complete its one revolution (i.e. in its orbit around the Sun).
Uranus has 27 satellites; significant of them are Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, etc.
Neptune
Neptune is the farthest planet which appears greenish through a telescope.
Neptune is discovered by Berlin scientist J. G. Galle in 1846.
Neptune takes 18 hours to complete its rotation (on its axis) and takes 165 years to complete its one revolution (i.e. in its orbit around the Sun).
Neptune has 13 satellites/moons; significant of them are ‘Triton’ and ‘Nereid.’
Until 2006, there were nine planets (including Pluto), but in 2006, the ninth planet Pluto is categorized as the dwarf planet by International Astronomical Union (IAU).
Asteroids
Asteroids, also known as small planets or planetoids, are the rocky debris largely found between the planets Mars and Jupiter. These are too small to have their own atmosphere (as shown in the following image).
The Asteroids revolve around the Sun, which varies from 3 to 10 years.
By the time, more than 450,000 Asteroids are discovered; the largest Asteroid is Ceres, which diameter is about 1,025 km.
Meteors
Meteors, also popular as ‘Shooting Star’ or ‘Falling Star,’ is the passage of a comet, asteroid, or meteoroid into the Earth's atmosphere. It is heated (because of the collisions with air particles) and normally seen in the upper atmosphere (as shown in the following image).
Meteoroids are the small rocky or metallic bodies that normally travel through outer space. Meteoroids are expressively smaller than asteroids, and its size ranges from small grains to 1-meter-wide objects.
Comets
Comets are the icy small Solar System body; normally while passing close to the Sun, heats up and starts to outgas, displaying a visible atmosphere (i.e. basically coma) along with a tail (as shown in the following image – in the insat view).
62 General Knowledge questions and answers on Universe | Space
1. Which star is at the center of our Solar System?
Sun.
2. What is the diameter of Sun?
1,392,684 km (865,374 mi).
3. What percent of the solar system’s mass does Sun holds?
99.8 percent.
4. How many stars are in the Milky Way?
more than 100 billion.
5. When was Sun born?
roughly 4.6 billion years ago.
6. What is the distance between sun and earth?
92,960,000 miles (149,600,000 km).
7. Sun’s Chemical Composition:
71% of Hydrogen, 26.5% Helium and2.5% of other elements.
8. How much time does sun rays take to reach earth?
8 minutes.
9. Which planet isnearest tothe earth?
MERCURY.
10. Which planet is known as the Morning Star or the Evening Star?
VENUS.
11. What is the diameter of MERCURY?
3,032 miles (4,879 km).
general knowledge test, general knowledge questions, general knowledge answers, general knowledge questions and answers, general knowledge quiz, general knowledge trivia, teacher certification test, fun trivia questions and answers on space, general knowledge about universe, universe facts, space facts, What is the diameter of MERCURY?
MERCURY ~~ Image Via:en.wikipedia.org
12. What is the diameter of VENUS?
7,521 miles (12,104 km).
Check out 55 General Knowledge questions and answers on Asia
13. What is the diameter of EARTH?
7,918 miles (12,742 km).
14. What is the diameter of MARS?
4,212 miles (6,779 km)
15. What is the diameter of JUPITER?
86,881 miles (139,822 km).
16. What is the diameter of SATURN?
120 536 kilometers
17. What is the diameter of URANUS?
31,518 miles (50,724 km).
18. What is the diameter of NEPTUNE?
30,599 miles (49,244 km).
19. What is the diameter of PLUTO?
2360 kilometers.
20. Which is the largest planet in our solar system?
JUPITER.
21. Which Planet Has the Most Moons?
the planet with the most number of moons is Jupiter with 66 moons.
22. Which planet is closest to the sun?
name of the closest planet to the sun is : Mercury.
23. Which Is the Hottest Planet in the solar system?
Venus.
24. Which Planets Have Rings around Them?
Saturn,Jupiter, Uranus, and Neptune (4 planets).
25. Which is the coldest andsmallest of all planets?
PLUTO.
26. Which Star is called Earth’s satellite?
Moon.
27. What is the Average distance of Moon from Earth?
238,855 miles (384,400 km).
28. What is the age of Moon?
4.527 billion years.
29. What is the Orbital period of Moon?
27 days.
30. What is the Circumference of Moon?
6,784 miles (10,917 km).
31. Which planet has the most volcanoes?
Venus.
32. Which planets do not have moons?
Mercury and Venus.
33. How much larger the Sun is than Earth?
300000 times.
34. When the Halley’s Comet will be visible from Earth again?
2061.
35. What is the surface temperature of Venus?
over 450 degrees Celsius.
36. When was the Solar System formed?
around 4.6 billion years ago.
37. A person who weighs 200 pounds on earth, what would he weigh on the surface ofMars?
76 pounds.
38. Which Planet spins backwards relative to the others?
Venus.
39. When was the first man made object sent into space?
1957.
40. Name Jupiter’s 4 biggest moons:
Europa, Ganymede, Callisto and Io.
41. Why do we have high & low tides?
because of the Sun & Moons gravity.
42. Where is The “edge of space” located?
100 km (62 mi) above sea level.
43. What is an astronaut employed by the Russian Federal Space Agency called?
Kosmonavt.
44. Who was the first person to reach space?
Yuri Gagarin, in 1961.
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Yuri Gagarin ~~ Image via: en.wikipedia.org
45. Who was the first woman to reach space?
Valentina Tereshkova, in 1963.
46. Name five recognized dwarf planets :
Pluto, Ceres, Eris, Makemake & Haumea.
47. The Moon orbits the Earth every –
27.3 days.
48. Who was the first person to set foot on the Moon?
Neil Armstrong.
49. What is the average surface temperature of the Moon?
107 degrees Celsius during the day and -153 degrees Celsius at night.
50. When does a lunar eclipse occur?
when the Earth is between — the Sun and the Moon.
51. At how mush speed Moon moves across the Sun?
2,250 km per hour.
52. How long a solar eclipse can last?
7 and a half minutes.
53. What is the Equatorial Circumference of Earth?
40,030 km.
54. What is Earth’s surface temperature?
-88 to 58°C.
55. When was the Earth formed?
approximately 4.54 billion years ago.
56. How many natural satellites of Earth are there?
one, Moon.
57. What are the notable satellites of Mars?
Phobos & Deimos.
58. Which planet has approximately the same landmass as Earth?
Mars.
59. What are the notable satellites of Pluto?
Charon, Nix, Hydra, Kerberos and Styx.
60. When was the Pluto reclassified from a planet to a dwarf planet?
in 2006.
61. How many stars are there in Andromeda Galaxy?
1 trillion.
62. At which speed the Andromeda Galaxy is approaching the Milky Way?
at approximately hundred to hundred and forty kilometers per second.
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